11 - Evolving Burden of Colorectal Cancer and its Attributable Risk Factors and its Trend from 1990-2021: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, MBBS¹, Lalitkumar Patel, MBBS², Venkata Ramana Katikala, MBBS³, Pragathi Munnangi, MBBS⁴, Bhargav Koyani, MD⁵, George Mathew Mukalil, MD⁶, Abobakr Saleh, MBBS⁷, Himanshu Koyani, MBBS, MS⁸, Gunjan Kochhar, MBBS⁹, Krishna Sajeev, MBBS^10
1Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; ²Suburban Medical Center, Schaumburg, IL; ³Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, McKinney, TX; ⁴N.R.I Medical College, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India; ⁵Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, Evanston, IL; ⁶Central Michigan University, Saginaw, MI; ⁷Kasr Alainy Medical School, Cairo University, Cairo, Al Bahr al Ahmar, Egypt; ⁸Sterling Hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat, India; ⁹Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India; ¹⁰Government Medical College, Kannur, Kerala, India

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd leading cause of deaths and disability amongst all cancer causes in G20 Countries. The G20 countries, comprising the world's largest economies, are pivotal in shaping global health policies and interventions, representing a substantial portion of the global population and economic output. This study aims to address this gap by examining the burden and trends of CRC within G20 countries, thereby providing crucial insights that align with the G20's commitment to advancing health outcomes, promoting equitable access to healthcare, and addressing non-communicable diseases, including cancer.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 tool, we assessed the incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to CRC and its risk factors across G20 countries from 1990-2021, segmented by age, sex, year, and location. Non-fatal health outcomes were calculated using the DISMOD MR 2.1 tool, while fatal outcomes were determined using the cause of death ensemble model (CODEm). The results are reported in both absolute numbers and age-standardized rates (ASR) (per 100,000 person-years).

Results: The prevalence count of colorectal cancer (CRC) increased significantly from 3.7 million (95% uncertainty interval: 3.6-3.9 million) in 1990 to 10.1 million (9.2-10.9 million) in 2021. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) rose by 6% (3%-15%) during the same period. Japan recorded the highest ASIR with 48.7 cases per 100,000, while Argentina had the highest age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) at 19.44 cases per 100,000 in 2021. Individuals aged 50 and above accounted for 88.17% of all CRC deaths in 2021. The increase in CRC burden was more pronounced in males compared to females, with the total percentage change (TPC) in incidence rates being 165% for males versus 102% for females, deaths at 95% versus 55%, and years lived with disability (YLDs) at 181% versus 113% from 1990 to 2021. The highest number of CRC deaths in 2021 was attributed to a low intake of whole grains (150,686 deaths), followed by a diet high in red meat (124,693 deaths).

Discussion: Deaths due to CRC accounted for 10.8% of all cancer related deaths in 2021. This study highlights the importance of targeted prevention strategies, especially dietary modifications, to reduce the disease burden and aligns with the G20's health agenda to improve global health outcomes and equity



Disclosures:


Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, MBBS¹, Lalitkumar Patel, MBBS², Venkata Ramana Katikala, MBBS³, Pragathi Munnangi, MBBS⁴, Bhargav Koyani, MD⁵, George Mathew Mukalil, MD⁶, Abobakr Saleh, MBBS⁷, Himanshu Koyani, MBBS, MS⁸, Gunjan Kochhar, MBBS⁹, Krishna Sajeev, MBBS¹⁰, 11, Evolving Burden of Colorectal Cancer and its Attributable Risk Factors and its Trend from 1990-2021: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.